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GeM Completes 10 Years: Records ₹20 Lakh Crore Cumulative GMV and ₹1.76 Lakh Crore Social Savings

The Government e Marketplace (GeM) completed 10 years of operations on August 9, 2026, marking a monumental shift in India's public procurement. Administered by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, GeM crossed a cumulative Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) of ₹20 lakh crore. An IIT Delhi study revealed that the platform generated net social savings of ₹1.76 lakh crore over the last three financial years. GeM has heavily promoted inclusive procurement, with Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) contributing over 45% of total sales, backed by major transaction fee cuts and the integration of AI tools to prevent cartelisation.

What Happened

The Government e Marketplace (GeM) celebrated a decade of transforming public procurement on August 9, 2026. The platform achieved a landmark cumulative Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) exceeding ₹20 lakh crore. Alongside this milestone, an IIT Delhi study highlighted immense economic efficiency, estimating net social savings of ₹1.76 lakh crore achieved between FY 2023–24 and FY 2025–26 due to improved price and process efficiencies.

When & Where

The 10-year milestone was officially observed on August 9, 2026. GeM operates as a pan-India digital platform serving government departments, ministries, public sector undertakings (PSUs), and local bodies across the country.

Who Is Involved

  • Ministry of Commerce & Industry: The nodal ministry overseeing the administration and expansion of GeM.
  • Shri Mihir Kumar: The current Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of GeM.
  • IIT Delhi: Conducted the independent study estimating the monetised benefits and social savings of the platform.
  • Axis My India: Conducted a survey revealing high satisfaction among buyers (92%) and sellers (67% reported higher business volumes).
  • MSEs, Women Entrepreneurs, and Startups: The primary beneficiaries of GeM's inclusive procurement policies.

How It Works

1. Digital Onboarding: Buyers (government entities) and sellers (private vendors, MSEs) register online via an Aadhaar and PAN-linked profile system.
2. Order Processing & Bidding: Buyers can procure directly for smaller amounts, while larger procurements go through an open bidding or reverse auction process on the portal.
3. Transaction Fee Exemptions: To improve the ease of doing business, 97% of all orders are free of transaction charges, specifically exempting all orders up to ₹10 lakh.
4. AI-Powered Monitoring: GeM deploys Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to track transactional data, detect collusion, identify cartelisation, and prevent the artificial splitting of orders.

Why It Matters

For UPSC GS Paper 2 (Governance) and GS Paper 3 (Economy), GeM represents the epitome of "Minimum Government, Maximum Governance." Economically, it has prevented the leakage of taxpayer money through massive social savings. Socially, it champions inclusive growth by guaranteeing market access to women-led enterprises and startups, completely bypassing the traditional red-tapism of government tenders.

Historical Background

  • 2016: GeM was launched on August 9 to replace the Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals (DGS&D), the traditional, paper-bound procurement agency.
  • 2017: General Financial Rules (GFR) were amended, inserting Rule 149 to make procurement through GeM mandatory for all government departments.
  • 2023: GeM surpassed the ₹2 lakh crore GMV mark in a single financial year, marking its transition into a massive scale platform.

Previous Related Events

  • 2019 - Womaniya Initiative: Launched on GeM to encourage women entrepreneurs and self-help groups (SHGs) to sell handicrafts and products directly to the government.
  • 2021 - GeM Sahay: An application launched to provide frictionless financing to MSMEs on the GeM portal, enabling them to secure loans against purchase orders.
  • 2022 - India Post Integration: GeM integrated with India Post to facilitate seamless logistics and delivery for rural sellers.

Static GK Connection

  • General Financial Rules (GFR) 2017: Rule 149 of the GFR is the legal backbone of GeM, legally binding government departments to buy goods and services available on the platform exclusively through it.
  • E-Governance: GeM operates on the principles of transparency, efficiency, and scale, reflecting the core goals of the Digital India programme.

India & World Comparison

Globally, GeM places India among the top nations with centralised digital procurement systems. It is comparable to South Korea’s KONEPS (Korea On-Line E-Procurement System) and Singapore’s GeBIZ. However, GeM’s scale—processing 3.78 crore orders and hosting 25.45 lakh profile-completed sellers—makes it one of the largest public procurement portals in the world by volume.

Future Impact

  • Deeper AI Integration: The next decade will focus heavily on AI for identifying spending inefficiencies and designing evidence-based policy interventions.
  • Faster GMV Milestones: Given the exponential growth (the second ₹10 lakh crore took less than two years), the platform is expected to hit the ₹30 lakh crore mark in record time.
  • Increased MSME Caps: As transaction costs drop (vendor assessment fees reduced by 92%), rural and micro-enterprises will likely dominate low-value government contracts entirely.

🔑 Key Points for Revision

  • GeM completed 10 years of operations on August 9, 2026.
  • Cumulative Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) crossed ₹20 lakh crore.
  • Operates under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
  • CEO of GeM is Shri Mihir Kumar.
  • Annual GMV exceeded ₹5 lakh crore in both FY25 and FY26.
  • First ₹10 lakh crore GMV took 8 years; the second took under 2 years.
  • MSEs dominate the platform, holding a 45.6% share of cumulative GMV (₹9.07 lakh crore).
  • Over 2.24 lakh women-led MSEs executed 50 lakh orders worth over ₹99,147 crore.
  • Over 42,000 startups secured orders worth ₹65,633 crore.
  • IIT Delhi estimated a net social saving of ₹1,76,411.46 crore from FY24 to FY26.
  • Transaction charges were slashed from 0.50% to 0.30%.
  • Orders up to ₹10 lakh attract absolutely zero transaction fees.
  • 97% of all orders on GeM currently attract no fee.
  • Axis My India survey showed 92% buyer satisfaction on the platform.
  • AI and ML are actively used to track cartelisation, collusion, and order splitting.

🧠 Concept Link (Static GK Deep Dive)

Core Concept: Public Procurement and GeM

  • Definition: An end-to-end online marketplace where government departments legally procure common-use goods and services from registered private sellers.
  • Constitutional / Legal Basis: Derives executive backing from Article 298 (Power to carry on trade) and enforced administratively via Rule 149 of the General Financial Rules (GFR) 2017.
  • Scientific / Economic Principle: Disintermediation (removing middlemen) and monopsony power (government as a massive single buyer negotiating lower prices).
  • How it connects to this event: GeM's 10-year milestone proves that digital disintermediation leads to immense state savings (₹1.76 lakh crore).
  • Origin & History: Launched in 2016 based on the recommendations of a Group of Secretaries, replacing the colonial-era DGS&D.
  • Key milestone 1: In 2017, GFR Rule 149 was introduced, mandating GeM for all ministries.
  • Key milestone 2: In 2020, GeM made it mandatory for sellers to specify the "Country of Origin" to promote Make in India.
  • Related Acts / Schemes / Treaties: Make in India, MSME Development Act 2006, Digital India.
  • Nodal Ministry / Body: Ministry of Commerce and Industry (via a Special Purpose Vehicle - GeM SPV).
  • India-specific relevance: Eliminates deeply entrenched corruption, tender rigging, and nepotism in Indian public offices.
  • Global comparison: Mirrors successful global models like South Korea's KONEPS.
  • Data point: MSEs fulfilled 45.6% of GeM's cumulative ₹20 lakh crore GMV.
  • Common exam angle: UPSC frequently asks about the nodal ministry of GeM, its status under GFR 149, and its impact on MSMEs in GS Paper 2 and Prelims.
  • Easy memory hook: "GeM: Government's e-Mall" — where Rule 149 is the entry ticket, and MSMEs are the main shopkeepers.

❓ Practice MCQs

Q1. Under which Union Ministry does the Government e Marketplace (GeM) operate? [Easy]

A) Ministry of Finance

B) Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

C) Ministry of Commerce and Industry

D) Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

Answer: C

Explanation: GeM operates as a Special Purpose Vehicle under the administrative control of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.


Q2. When did the Government e Marketplace (GeM) complete a decade of its operations? [Easy]

A) April 1, 2026

B) August 9, 2026

C) October 2, 2026

D) January 26, 2026

Answer: B

Explanation: The Government e Marketplace (GeM) completed exactly ten years of operations on 9 August 2026.


Q3. According to the IIT Delhi study (FY 2023–24 to FY 2025–26), what was the estimated net social saving achieved through the GeM platform? [Moderate]

A) ₹86,571 crore

B) ₹1,00,000 crore

C) ₹1,76,411 crore

D) ₹5,00,000 crore

Answer: C

Explanation: An IIT Delhi study covering FY 2023–24 to FY 2025–26 estimated a net social saving of ₹1,76,411.46 crore through price and process efficiencies.


Q4. To enhance the ease of doing business on GeM, orders up to what amount have been exempted from transaction charges? [Moderate]

A) ₹2 lakh

B) ₹5 lakh

C) ₹10 lakh

D) ₹20 lakh

Answer: C

Explanation: Orders up to ₹10 lakh have been exempted from transaction charges, resulting in 97 per cent of all orders attracting no transaction fee.


Q5. What is the approximate share of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) in the cumulative Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) of GeM over the last decade? [Moderate]

A) 25.4 percent

B) 33.3 percent

C) 45.6 percent

D) 60.2 percent

Answer: C

Explanation: MSEs have fulfilled orders worth more than ₹9.07 lakh crore, which accounts for 45.6 per cent of the platform's cumulative GMV.


Q6. Which specific rule of the General Financial Rules (GFR) 2017 makes it mandatory for government departments to procure goods and services through GeM? [Tricky]

A) Rule 131

B) Rule 144

C) Rule 149

D) Rule 155

Answer: C

Explanation: Rule 149 of the General Financial Rules (GFR) 2017 was introduced to mandate the procurement of common-use goods and services by Ministries/Departments through GeM.


Q7. Consider the following statements regarding the GMV milestones of GeM: GeM took more than 8 years to achieve its first ₹10 lakh crore in cumulative GMV. How long did it take to achieve the next ₹10 lakh crore? [Tricky]

A) Less than 1 year

B) Less than 2 years

C) Exactly 3 years

D) More than 4 years

Answer: B

Explanation: While the platform took more than eight years to achieve its first ₹10 lakh crore, the next ₹10 lakh crore milestone was reached in less than two years.


Q8. Which technology is primarily being deployed by GeM to identify suspected cartelisation and order splitting among sellers? [Tricky]

A) Blockchain ledgers

B) Quantum Computing algorithms

C) Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)

D) Internet of Things (IoT) sensors

Answer: C

Explanation: GeM deploys Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) tools to identify suspected cartelisation, collusion, and order splitting.


📜 Previous Year Question Style (PYQ)

PYQ 1:

With reference to the public procurement in India, the "Womaniya" initiative is associated with which of the following platforms?

A) e-NAM (National Agriculture Market)

B) Government e Marketplace (GeM)

C) TRIFED

D) Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC)

Answer: B

Explanation: The Womaniya initiative was launched on GeM to encourage women entrepreneurs and SHGs to sell their products directly to the government.


PYQ 2:

Consider the following statements regarding the Government e Marketplace (GeM):

1. It operates under the administrative control of the Ministry of Finance.
2. Orders up to ₹10 lakh on the platform are exempted from transaction charges.
3. Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) account for more than 40 percent of the cumulative Gross Merchandise Value on the platform.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1 and 3 only

D) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: B

Explanation: Statement 1 is incorrect as GeM operates under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Statements 2 and 3 are correct as per recent 2026 data.


PYQ 3:

Assertion (A): The Government e Marketplace (GeM) has significantly reduced the cost of public procurement for the government.

Reason (R): GeM utilises a digital bidding process that eliminates intermediaries and uses Artificial Intelligence to identify cartelisation and collusion.

Select the correct code:

A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C) A is true, but R is false.

D) A is false, but R is true.

Answer: A

Explanation: An IIT Delhi study confirmed ₹1.76 lakh crore in net social savings (Assertion), which is fundamentally achieved through transparent digital bidding, removing middlemen, and using AI to stop price rigging (Reason).


✍️ Mains Answer Pointers

Question 1 (150 words): Discuss how the Government e Marketplace (GeM) has acted as a catalyst for inclusive economic growth in India.

The Government e Marketplace (GeM) has revolutionised public procurement by breaking the monopoly of large corporate contractors, thereby democratising market access for smaller players. By shifting from an opaque, fragmented system to a unified digital platform, GeM has championed inclusive economic growth at the grassroots level.

This inclusivity is evident in the platform's vendor demographics. Out of its ₹20 lakh crore cumulative Gross Merchandise Value (GMV), Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) account for an impressive 45.6% (over ₹9.07 lakh crore). The platform has actively brought marginalised businesses into the formal economy, empowering over 2.24 lakh women-led MSEs to fulfil 50 lakh orders valued at over ₹99,147 crore. Furthermore, by eliminating transaction fees on orders up to ₹10 lakh, GeM has made participation viable for micro-entrepreneurs. Going forward, deeper integration with rural logistics ecosystems and expanding the 'Womaniya' initiative will further ensure equitable wealth distribution through public procurement.


Question 2 (250 words): "Digital governance is not merely about digitising records; it is about bringing transparency, efficiency, and social savings." Evaluate this statement in the context of the decade-long journey of the Government e Marketplace (GeM).

Digital governance moves beyond simple record-keeping to actively re-engineering administrative processes for the public good. The Government e Marketplace (GeM), which completed ten years of operations in August 2026, perfectly exemplifies this shift by replacing the opaque, paper-based Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals (DGS&D) with a dynamic, data-driven procurement ecosystem.

Politically and administratively, GeM has institutionalised transparency. Backed by Rule 149 of the General Financial Rules (GFR), it mandates open digital procurement, significantly reducing the scope for nepotism and tender manipulation. The deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) tools to detect cartelisation and artificial order-splitting ensures that capability, rather than connections, determines success in securing government contracts.

Economically, the efficiency gains have been staggering. An IIT Delhi study estimated a net social saving of ₹1,76,411.46 crore between FY 2023–24 and FY 2025–26, proving that digital disintermediation directly saves taxpayer money. By comparing 101 items across platforms, the study found GeM offered lower prices 74.3% of the time. Furthermore, the platform achieved its second ₹10 lakh crore GMV in less than two years—drastically lower than the eight years required for the first—demonstrating accelerated system adoption.

Socially, the platform has empowered 25.45 lakh profile-completed sellers, directing billions of rupees toward MSMEs and startups. To sustain this momentum, policymakers must utilise GeM's rich transactional data trail to further identify supply-chain bottlenecks and refine evidence-based procurement interventions, ensuring e-governance continues to yield tangible national dividends.


⚠️ Examiner Trap

  • Trap 1: Students often confuse the nodal ministry of GeM. Because it deals with financial procurement, many guess the Ministry of Finance. The correct fact is that GeM operates under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
  • Trap 2: A common wrong assumption is that GeM charges a high commission fee for small vendors to maintain its operations. The reality is that 97% of all orders attract no transaction fee, and orders up to ₹10 lakh are entirely exempt.
  • Trap 3: Many students miss the legal mandate behind GeM when answering Mains questions. Always remember to mention Rule 149 of the General Financial Rules (GFR) 2017, as it provides the actual legal compulsion for ministries to use the platform.

🧭 Exam Tip

For Prelims, examiners heavily focus on the nodal ministry (Commerce & Industry), the fee exemption limit (₹10 lakh), and the specific GFR Rule (Rule 149). For Mains (GS 2 & GS 3), focus on the analytical angle: how GeM promotes MSMEs and ensures anti-corruption via AI/ML tools. In Interviews, if asked about e-governance successes, GeM is the perfect case study to cite, specifically quoting the ₹1.76 lakh crore social savings figure from the IIT Delhi study. High-Probability Prediction: Expect a Prelims statement-based question integrating GeM's AI usage for cartel detection and its exact percentage contribution (over 45%) from MSEs.